This article has been machine-translated into English. Therefore, there may be nuances or errors in the content. The Danish version is always up-to-date and accurate. Read the original Danish article here.

Danmarks Statistik (Statistics Denmark) has, together with researchers from the Copenhagen Center for Social Data Science (SODAS) at Københavns Universitet (University of Copenhagen), published an analysis examining how large language models (LLMs), such as ChatGPT, affect the Danish labour market. In this article, I will very briefly introduce the key findings, focusing on the parts that show how the education sector may potentially be affected. It is well worth delving into the analysis yourself; it is genuinely fascinating reading and can serve as a marker for the transformation our society is undergoing as a result of developments in artificial intelligence.

Large language models and the Danish labour market
Tools for generative artificial intelligence (AI), such as large language models, are spreading rapidly. The best-known example is ChatGPT, which gained more than 100 million active users within two months.

By applying the AIOE score, which measures employment in relation to AI exposure, to Danish labour data from Danmarks Statistik, the article highlights which occupational functions and sectors may potentially experience changes as a result of artificial intelligence. It is important to point out that the analysis does not distinguish between whether language models augment or replace job functions, and according to the analysis there are currently few job functions where artificial intelligence takes over all work.

The 10 occupational functions in Denmark with the highest LLM scores and the 10 with the lowest scores (DISCO-08, level 3). Note: Aggregated at level 3 (126 distinct occupational functions) in DISCO-08. Of these, 13 occupational functions were excluded because fewer than 1,000 people are employed in them, or because Felten et al. (2023) did not give the occupational function an AIOE score. Source: The Occupational Classification Module 2021 combined with LLM scores from Felten et al. (2023). 

The main conclusions are that people whose work involves many cognitive routine tasks will face significant change; and here the education sector is very likely to be affected by the new opportunities. This means both that teachers will be able to exploit the advantages of language models, but also that they will experience changes in their daily work. Examples include personalised learning, automated feedback on assignments, or the construction of interactive learning environments.

In addition, the analysis indicates that women generally have better opportunities to make use of language models in their work compared with men, and high-income earners appear to have more advantages than those with low incomes.

The analysis provides insight into how the labour market is developing for educators, and also an indication of which sectors will need to engage with language models and work on further training.

Below, I have included the overview of occupational functions and sectors they expect will be affected. Both tables appear in the analysis.

Source: The Occupational Classification Module 2021 combined with LLM scores from Felten et al. (2023). 
Source: The Occupational Classification Module 2021 combined with LLM scores from Felten et al. (2023) 

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Large language models and the Danish labour market
Tools for generative artificial intelligence (AI), such as large language models, are spreading rapidly. The best-known example is ChatGPT, which gained more than 100 million active users within two months.
How will Language Modelers like ChatGPT Affect Occupations and Industries?
Recent dramatic increases in AI language modeling capabilities has led to many questions about the effect of these technologies on the economy. In this paper we

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Written by

Per Størup Lauridsen
MSc in IT | Co-founder of Viden.AI | Head of IT and Communications at TietgenSkolen